Typical comp shape
Graphics engineers usually earn rsu + espp. Common employers include Nvidia, Apple, Pixar, Unity. Nvidia graphics hires saw RSU values multiply 5x in two years, making diversification and 10b5-1 plans urgent.
What Montana changes
In Montana, every RSU vest, NSO exercise, and ESPP purchase carries 5.9% state tax on top of federal. For a senior graphics engineer with $300k+ of equity income, the state layer routinely adds $25-45k to the annual bill.
Planning cadence
For a graphics engineer in Montana, the three planning windows are: after each RSU vest (withholding check and sell-vs-hold), before any ISO exercise (AMT model at federal only), and in Q4 (estimated tax top-up to clear the safe harbor).